Autophagic impairment is associated with the onset of age-related disease and it plays a role in cancer, although its effects are complicated since they are context-dependent. Since Rubicon, a suppressor of autophagy, increases in the liver of aged mice, and promotes the phenotypes of high fat diet-triggered metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), we investigated the role of Rubicon in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). We found that knockdown of Rubicon delays proliferation and invasion of hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Mechanistically, decline of Rubicon induces cell cycle arrest at the specific stage by the selective removal of several cell cycle regulators. Furthermore, we found that hepatocyte-specific Rubicon knockout mice show the decrease of tumor size and burden in diethylnitrosamine (DEN) and carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced liver tumorigenesis. In addition, transcription of Rubicon is upregulated in HCC patients. These data indicate that Rubicon promotes hepatocellular carcinoma via suppressing targeted removal of cell cycle regulators.